Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination may result in misconceptions that encourage young women to adopt risky contraceptive practices. The purpose of this article was to investigate whether HPV vaccination status was associated with choice of contraceptive method and adoption of risky sexual behaviour. Vaccinated and non-vaccinated visitors to a university department paediatric and adolescent gynaecology clinic were asked to anonymously fill in a survey comprising questions on sociodemographic characteristics, sexual history, opinions on contraception and attitudes towards contraception. A total of 191 women were studied, 75 (39.3%) of whom had received the HPV vaccination and 116 (60.7%) of whom had not. The main contraceptive methods used in both groups were male condom (46%), emergency contraception (14%) and coitus interruptus (12%). The vaccinated group was less religious and had better educated mothers compared with the non-vaccinated group (relative risk [RR] 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45, 0.93;  = .016 vs RR 1.91; 95% CI 1.01, 3.63;  = .027, respectively). They also had an earlier sexual debut (RR 1.94; 95% CI 1.06, 3.55;  = .015), agreed that vaccination increased the safety of sex (RR 1.45; 95% CI 1.02, 2.05;  = .039) and considered the HPV vaccine a prerequisite to initiation of a sexual relationship (RR 1.87; 95% CI 1.34, 2.63;  < .001). HPV vaccination did not affect sexual behaviour, attitudes to condom use or choice of contraceptive method.