Combined strength and aerobic training increases transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Title | Combined strength and aerobic training increases transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with type 2 diabetes. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2011 |
Authors | Touvra, A-M., Volaklis K. A., Spassis A. T., Zois C. E., Douda H. D., Kotsa K., & Tokmakidis S. P. |
Journal | Hormones (Athens) |
Volume | 10 |
Issue | 2 |
Pagination | 125-30 |
Date Published | 2011 Apr-Jun |
ISSN | 1109-3099 |
Keywords | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Exercise, Female, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle Strength, Physical Fitness, Resistance Training, Transforming Growth Factor beta1 |
Abstract | OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a combined strength and aerobic training program on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with type 2 diabetes.DESIGN: Ten patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 55.5 (5) years [median (IQR)] participated in a supervised systematic exercise training program which included aerobic exercise and strength training, undertaken four days per week for eight weeks.RESULTS: The training program increased transforming growth factor-β1 concentration (+50.4%) and reduced high sensitivity C reactive protein levels (-24.1%) without altering the levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. Additional improvements were also achieved in anthropometric characteristics, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c: -11.8%), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR: -15%) and physical fitness parameters (stress test: +26.6%, upper muscle strength: +32.4% and lower muscle strength: +48.9%).CONCLUSION: A combined strength and aerobic exercise program has a potential anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory impact which most likely reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and improves the health status in patients with type 2 diabetes. |
Alternate Journal | Hormones (Athens) |
PubMed ID | 21724537 |